openSUSE
Tumbleweed
rolling release

Extra package sources

• Packages from Open Build Service (OBS) installed using OBS Package Installer (OPI).

$ zypper in opi

Example:

$ opi msteams

Keep the added repo but lower its priority and disable autorefresh.

$ zypper mr -Fp 105 teams

• Multimedia codecs from Packman repo.  [mirrors]

Quick and simple method to install via opi.

$ opi codecs

The longer manual way to add a repo and install packages.

$ zypper ar -p 90 https://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/ packman

$ zypper refresh

$ zypper dup --allow-vendor-change

$ zypper install ffmpeg gstreamer-plugins-{good,bad,ugly,libav} libavcodec-full vlc-codecs

• Geekos DAW multimedia:proaudio repo.

$ zypper ar -p 105 https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/ geekosdaw

• Shell utilities from Factory development codebase.

$ zypper ar -p 105 https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/utilities/openSUSE_Factory/utilities.repo

• X11:Wayland.

$ zypper ar -p 105 https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/X11:Wayland/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/X11:Wayland.repo

More https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/

Configuration tweaks

Eliminate repo flip-flop for installed packages.  [video]

1. Always allow dup vendor change.

/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

solver.dupAllowVendorChange = true

2. Set proper repo priorities:

• default: 99

• enhancements: 90 (< 99, lower number = higher priority)

• packages not present in product repos: 105 (> 99, lower priority)

Example:

$ zypper mr -p 90 packman

$ zypper mr -p 105 utilities

$ zypper lr -EP

packman | Packman | 90

download.opensuse.org-non-oss | Main Repository (NON-OSS) | 99

download.opensuse.org-oss | Main Repository (OSS) | 99

download.opensuse.org-tumbleweed | Main Update Repository | 99

utilities | all the small tools for the shell (openSUSE_Factory) | 105

Switch from a geo-detected mirror to a specific mirror.  [list]

1. Main repos (for oss, non-oss, update)

/etc/zypp/repos.d/download.opensuse.org-oss.repo

#baseurl=http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

baseurl=http://provo-mirror.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://codingflyboy.mm.fcix.net/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://ftp.ussg.iu.edu/linux/opensuse/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://mirror.clarkson.edu/opensuse/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://mirror.fcix.net/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://mirror.umd.edu/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://mirrors.acm.wpi.edu/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://opensuse-mirror-gce-ap.susecloud.net/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

#baseurl=http://opensusemirror.vod.comcast.com/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

2. Mirrors with Build Service (for multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/ and utilities/openSUSE_Factory/ etc.)

/etc/zypp/repos.d/multimedia-proaudio.repo

#baseurl=http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

baseurl=http://provo-mirror.opensuse.org/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

#baseurl=http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/opensuse/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

#baseurl=http://mirror.aardsoft.fi/opensuse/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

#baseurl=http://ftp.lysator.liu.se/pub/opensuse/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

#baseurl=http://mirror.tspu.ru/opensuse/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

#baseurl=http://mirror.linux-ia64.org/opensuse/repositories/multimedia:/proaudio/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

Set low repo connection timeout to prevent long hangs. (default = 60)

/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

download.connect_timeout = 10

By default install only required packages. (Do not install recommended packages.)

/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

solver.onlyRequires = true

Clean dependencies when removing packages.

/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

solver.cleandepsOnRemove = true

Keep 3 most recent kernel versions + currently running.

/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

multiversion.kernels = latest,latest-1,latest-2,running

Disable autorefresh for all repos to make searching and other operations faster. Manually refresh when needed via zypper ref

$ zypper mr -Fa

Disable the service that purges old kernels on boot. Handle manually via zypper purge-kernels

$ systemctl disable purge-kernels.service

Disable PackageKit to prevent conflicts with zypper.

$ systemctl disable packagekit-background.timer

Configure sudo to ask for the user's instead of root's password.

$ visudo

Defaults env_keep += "LANG DISPLAY XAUTHORITY"

#Defaults targetpw   # ask for the password of the target user i.e. root

#ALL   ALL=(ALL) ALL   # WARNING! Only use this together with 'Defaults targetpw'!

%wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

$ gpasswd -a myusername wheel

$ echo "alias sudo='sudo '" >> ~/.bashrc

/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/40-wheel.rules

// pkexec like sudo rather than su

polkit.addAdminRule(function(action, subject) {

    return ["unix-group:wheel"];

});

$ chmod +r /etc/polkit-1/rules.d/40-wheel.rules

System maintenance routine

$ zypper ref

$ zypper lu

$ zypper dup

$ rpmconf -at

$ rpmconf -af vimdiff

$ zypper pa --unneeded

$ zypper rm unneededpackagename unneededpackagename unneededpackagename ...

$ zypper purge-kernels

$ zypper verify

Package management tools

Log file reader.

$ zypper-log

RPM query.

$ rpm -ql packagename    #--query --list (list all files in package)

$ rpm -qlp packagename.rpm    #--package (list all files in .rpm file)

$ rpm -qc packagename    #--configfiles (list only configuration files in package)

$ rpm -qf /path/to/file    #--file (show which package owns file)

$ rpm -qa --last    #--all (query all packages and sort by install time with latest on top)

Handle .rpmnew, .rpmsave, .rpmorig system configuration files.

$ rpmconf -at    #--all --test (find all affected config files and only report without taking action)

$ rpmconf -a    #(prompt to keep, delete, or merge)

$ rpmconf -af vimdiff    #--frontend (merge using vimdiff)

$ rpmconf -c    #--clean (delete orphaned .rpmnew and .rpmsave files)

zypper usage

$ zypper se /regexp/    #search

$ zypper search namestring*anotherstring*

$ zypper --no-refresh search namestring    #(disable autorefresh before command = faster)

$ zypper search -s namestring    #--details (show versions and repos and more)

$ zypper search -d descriptionstring    #--search-descriptions

$ zypper search -x exactmatchstring    #--match-exact

$ zypper search -i installedpackagestring

$ zypper search -u notinstalledpackagestring

$ zypper search -du notinstalleddescriptionstring

$ zypper search --provides namestring    #(or /path/to/file)

$ zypper search -f /path/to/file    #--file-list (metadata /etc/, /bin/, /sbin/)

$ zypper search -t pattern groupstring

$ zypper search -t package namestring    #(package type only, no srcpackage)

$ zypper search -r reponame namestring

$ zypper in packagename    #install

$ zypper install --no-recommends packagename

$ zypper install --recommends packagename

$ zypper install --oldpackage 'packagename<currentversion'

$ zypper install -f packagename    #--force (reinstall)

$ zypper install -t pattern groupname    #--type (default type = package, pattern=group)

$ zypper in pattern:groupname

$ zypper in reponame:packagename

$ zypper install-new-recommends    #inr

$ zypper inr --recommends    #(install even when recommends are disabled)

$ zypper rm packagename    #remove

$ zypper remove -u packagename    #--clean-deps (also remove dependencies that will become unneeded)

$ zypper remove -t pattern groupname

$ zypper rm $(zypper -s 11 pa --unneeded | awk 'NR>4 {print $5}')    #(remove unneeded packages)

$ zypper locks    #ll (list locked packages)

$ zypper addlock packagename    #al (prevent removing or installing specific packages)

$ zypper al -r reponame packagename    #(restrict lock to a repo)

$ zypper removelock packagename    #rl

$ zypper refresh    #ref

$ zypper refresh --force    #-f

$ zypper ref --repo repoID1 repoID2    #-r (refresh specific repo)

$ zypper repos    #lr (list repositories)

$ zypper repos --uri    #-u

$ zypper repos --priority    #-p

$ zypper lr -EP    #--show-enabled-only --sort-by-priority

$ zypper modifyrepo --no-refresh 1 2 3    #mr -F (disable autorefresh for repos 1, 2, 3)

$ zypper modifyrepo --priority 105 repoID    #mr -p (set repo priority)

$ zypper mr -p 0 repoID    #(reset repo priority to default)

$ zypper mr -d repoID    #--disable (disable repo)

$ zypper mr -e repoID    #--enable (enable a previously disabled repo)

$ zypper mr -kt    #--keep-packages --remote (keep packages from all remote repos)

$ zypper renamerepo oldname newname    #nr (change repo alias; use old name or repoID number)

$ zypper list-patches    #lp (list bugfixes on Leap)

$ zypper list-updates    #lu (list newer package versions)

$ zypper lu -a    #--all (show non-installable newer package versions from lower priority repos)

$ zypper -q lu | awk -F'|' 'NR>2 {gsub(/ /,""); print $3}' ORS=' '

$ zypper patch    #(get bugfixes on Leap)

$ zypper update    #up (get all package updates on Leap)

$ zypper up packagename    #(update specific package on Tumbleweed and Leap)

$ zypper dist-upgrade    #dup (get updates on Tumbleweed / upgrade to next version on Leap)

$ zypper dup --details    #(show versions and repos)

$ zypper dup --no-recommends    #(skip installing recommended packages)

$ zypper dup --allow-vendor-change    #(favor repo priorities over package versions)

$ zypper ps -s    #--short (list processes still using deleted files)

$ zypper verify    #ve (verify dependencies)

$ zypper purge-kernels

$ zypper clean    #cc (clean downloaded packages cache)

$ zypper clean -a    #(clean repo metadata and package cache)

$ zypper pa    #packages

$ zypper packages -r reponame    #--repo (list all packages in repo)

$ zypper packages -i    #--installed-only

$ zypper packages -i -r reponame

$ zypper packages -u    #--not-installed-only

$ zypper packages --recommended --not-installed-only

$ zypper packages --unneeded

$ zypper packages --orphaned

$ zypper pt    #patterns

$ zypper patterns --installed-only        #-i

$ zypper patterns --not-installed-only    #-u

$ zypper if packagename    #info

$ zypper info packagename | awk '/Version/ {print $3}'

$ zypper info -t package "*" | less

$ zypper info -t pattern "*" | less

$ zypper -n command argument    #--non-interactive (no user prompts)

RTFM

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